Set the ID of an Element(ID属性)

说明：

除了 class属性之外，每一个 HTML 元素还可以使用 id 属性。

使用 id 属性有若干好处，一旦当你开始使用 jQuery 的时候你会有更深的体会。

id 属性应该是唯一的，虽然浏览器并不强制唯一，但基于最佳实践，这一点是被广泛认可的，所以请不要给一个以上的元素设置相同的 id 属性。

下面举例说明了如何设置h2 元素的id属性为cat-photo-app。

<h2 id="cat-photo-app">

任务：设置 form 元素的id属性为 cat-photo-form。

原始代码：

<link href="https://fonts.gdgdocs.org/css?family=Lobster" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<style>
  .red-text {
    color: red;
  }

  h2 {
    font-family: Lobster, Monospace;
  }

  p {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-family: Monospace;
  }

  .thick-green-border {
    border-color: green;
    border-width: 10px;
    border-style: solid;
    border-radius: 50%;
  }

  .smaller-image {
    width: 100px;
  }
  .gray-background {
    background-color: gray;
  }
</style>

<h2 class="red-text">CatPhotoApp</h2>

<p>Click here for <a href="#">cat photos</a>.</p>

<a href="#"><img class="smaller-image thick-green-border" alt="A cute orange cat lying on its back" src="/images/relaxing-cat.jpg"></a>

<div class="gray-background">
  <p>Things cats love:</p>
  <ul>
    <li>cat nip</li>
    <li>laser pointers</li>
    <li>lasagna</li>
  </ul>
  <p>Top 3 things cats hate:</p>
  <ol>
    <li>flea treatment</li>
    <li>thunder</li>
    <li>other cats</li>
  </ol>
</div>

<form action="/submit-cat-photo">
  <label><input type="radio" name="indoor-outdoor" checked> Indoor</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="indoor-outdoor"> Outdoor</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality" checked> Loving</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality"> Lazy</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality"> Energetic</label>
  <input type="text" placeholder="cat photo URL" required>
  <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

调试代码：

<link href="https://fonts.gdgdocs.org/css?family=Lobster" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<style>
  .red-text {
    color: red;
  }

  h2 {
    font-family: Lobster, Monospace;
  }

  p {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-family: Monospace;
  }

  .thick-green-border {
    border-color: green;
    border-width: 10px;
    border-style: solid;
    border-radius: 50%;
  }

  .smaller-image {
    width: 100px;
  }
  .gray-background {
    background-color: gray;
  }
</style>

<h2 class="red-text">CatPhotoApp</h2>

<form id="cat-photo-form">

<p>Click here for <a href="#">cat photos</a>.</p>

<a href="#"><img class="smaller-image thick-green-border" alt="A cute orange cat lying on its back" src="/images/relaxing-cat.jpg"></a>

<div class="gray-background">
  <p>Things cats love:</p>
  <ul>
    <li>cat nip</li>
    <li>laser pointers</li>
    <li>lasagna</li>
  </ul>
  <p>Top 3 things cats hate:</p>
  <ol>
    <li>flea treatment</li>
    <li>thunder</li>
    <li>other cats</li>
  </ol>
</div>

<form action="/submit-cat-photo">
  <label><input type="radio" name="indoor-outdoor" checked> Indoor</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="indoor-outdoor"> Outdoor</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality" checked> Loving</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality"> Lazy</label>
  <label><input type="checkbox" name="personality"> Energetic</label>
  <input type="text" placeholder="cat photo URL" required>
  <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>